Abstract
This thesis explores the design and development of the Airborne Lander with Buoyant AuToROtating Sailing Sensor (ALBATROSS), an innovative transformable autorotating unmanned aerial vehicle (UAV) capable of transitioning between aerial and aquatic environments. The research addresses the need for versatile unmanned systems by introducing a dual aerial-aquatic function in a single platform that leverages wind energy for propulsion, enhancing operational endurance in both aerial and water environment. The thesis also examines the evolution of existing hybrid Aerial-Aquatic Vehicles (AAV)s, identifying gaps and opportunities for incorporating autorotation in AAV designs. The integration of autorotation principles and sailboat locomotion unlocks a new potential in hybrid unmanned system. The study highlights the successful implementation of a minimal-actuator approach, which simplifies the mechanical design and increases system reliability. With a single sailboat rudder, it can be dual-utilised as a secondary propulsion that is inspired by the fish locomotion, providing effective propulsion in low to no wind conditions to ensure extended operational capability. A key focus is the optimization of the bio-inspired propulsion system, specifically the flexible caudal fin propulsor, through simulations. The experimental validation, conducted in controlled water tank and real-world pool environment, confirms the accuracy of the simulation model. Performance evaluations indicate that Carbon Fibre material exhibits superior propulsion efficiency and power consumption characteristics. The findings suggest that the ALBATROSS holds significant potential for applications such as rapid deployment water body monitoring and emergency communication bridging. Its capability for versatile operation and rapid adaptability positions it as a valuable asset for both environmental monitoring and emergency response, offering novel solutions for sensor or communication system deployment with ease of retrieval in diverse and challenging environments.