Abstract
As the foundation of low-altitude economy, low-altitude intelligent networking (LAIN) is envisioned to provide ubiquitous and intelligent connectivity for diverse aerial vehicles (AVs). Conventional cell-based terrestrial networking schemes face significant challenges due to limited vertical coverage, chaotic interference in airspace, and coupling between uplink and downlink. To address these issues, this article proposes a fully decoupled space-ground integrated network (FD-SGIN) architecture, which consists of control, uplink, and downlink base stations (BSs) on the ground and satellites in the space. In FD-SGIN, uplink and downlink are handled by separated transmission or reception points (TRPs) to provide flexible heterogeneous access and cooperative transmission. The spectrum allocation for uplink and downlink is also decoupled to adapt to asymmetric and differentiated requirements. We also introduce the key technologies for FD-SGIN, and present case studies based on Vienna and UltraStar simulators to validate the superiority of FD-SGIN.